Real assets

Superyacht ownership restructured before an EU season

A 42-metre yacht bought through the wrong company, on advice quoting VAT tables that had been withdrawn five years earlier.

11 weeksAnonymised · published with consent

The brief

An owner had acquired a 42-metre yacht through a company that also held unrelated investments, on advice that relied on Malta's pre-2020 deemed-use percentage tables. Charter income had been received without proper documentation, and crew were being paid from a third entity.

  • The correction had to be completed before the Mediterranean season began.
  • A mortgage was registered against the vessel, so any change of owner needed lender consent.
  • Historic charter income had to be regularised, not ignored.
  • The owner wanted to keep chartering, which meant commercial registration obligations had to be met properly.
Structure diagram
Single-purpose owning company, correct flag and documented use

One vessel, one company, one clean use arrangement — with tracking evidence replacing the withdrawn percentage tables.

Owner
Family foundation
Succession layer
Holds the owning company so the vessel does not pass under a will.
Title
Single-purpose owning company
Malta Ltd
Holds the vessel and nothing else. Unrelated investments moved out.
Operation
Malta flag — commercial
ISM, STCW crewing
Commercial registration retained deliberately so charter can continue lawfully.
Charter agreements
Arm's-length hire
Owner's own use documented and paid for at market rate.
Crew employer
Consolidated
Crew moved onto the owning company with correct payroll and social security.
Evidence
Use-and-enjoyment tracking
GPS log
EU versus non-EU water time recorded continuously, replacing the withdrawn percentage tables.
How value moves
Charter income
Received by the owning company under written agreements, with VAT accounted for correctly.
Owner's use
Charged at market rate under a documented charter, not taken free of charge.
VAT position
Supported by continuous tracking evidence of actual EU use rather than a deemed percentage.

How it was built, in order

  1. 01
    Position assessed honestly

    Quantified the historic exposure first, including charter income received without documentation, so the owner knew the number before deciding.

  2. 02
    Unrelated assets removed

    Investments held in the same company moved out, leaving a single-purpose owning entity.

  3. 03
    Lender consent obtained

    Mortgagee consulted and consent obtained before any change, so the financing was never in default.

  4. 04
    Use arrangement rebuilt

    Charter documentation, hire rates and owner-use terms put on an arm's-length footing with written agreements.

  5. 05
    Tracking implemented

    Continuous use-and-enjoyment recording installed and a retention policy agreed, replacing reliance on withdrawn tables.

  6. 06
    Crew regularised

    Crew employment, payroll and social security consolidated into the owning company with correct certification.

Outcome
  • Vessel entering the season with a defensible VAT position based on evidence rather than a withdrawn concession.
  • Historic charter income regularised before it became an enforcement matter.
  • Financing preserved, with lender consent obtained in advance of every step.
  • Crew employment and certification brought into line with the commercial registration.